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Manpower Export Analysis |
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An Overview on Manpower Export from Bangladesh.
According to best estimates, over 2.5 million Asian workers leave their countries every year under contract to work abroad. A large proportion of workers from South and Southeast Asia head for the Gulf States to perform various types of service, trade and construction jobs, while others move to North America, Europe and Asian countries..
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Importance of Migration to the Economy :
Bangladesh like other South-Asian countries is a manpower surplus country with a combination of professional, skilled, semi-skilled and less-skilled labour force. Migration plays a vital role in the national economy mainly in two major ways; firstly it reduces unemployment and secondly migration results in remittance flows for the country. The migration has shown steady growth over the year that was favourable to the development of Bangladesh; as inflow of remittance has increased day by day. The links between migration and remittances are self evident. Both have a strong coo-relation to poverty reduction in home countries. Remittance has become an important aspect for the developing countries like Bangladesh for socio-economic advancement. In Bangladesh, remittance plays a significant role to maintain balance of payment and foreign currency reserve. Remittance also has a great contribution in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country.
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Present Trends of Migration from Bangladesh
Bangladesh is considered as a resourceful country of a huge labour-force. About 60 million people constitute this vast reservoir of active manpower; fortunately Bangladesh is steadily turning her manpower into an asset through training and skill development with a view to meeting the needs of overseas employment. It is not possible for Bangladesh to absorb the full range of available less-skilled, semiskilled, skilled and professional manpower within the country in an appropriate manner and hence it is needed to find employment opportunities abroad. There are also a number of foreign countries who are in need of importing manpower from other countries.
Currently two types of international migration occur from Bangladesh. One takes place mostly to the industrialized west and the other to Middle Eastern and South East Asian countries. Voluntary migration to the industrialized west includes permanent residents, immigrants, work permit holders and professionals.
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However, overseas employment from Bangladesh started officially in 1976 with a modest number (6,078) of workers. Presently about 7 million Bangladeshi workers are employed around 130 countries across the world, particularly in countries of the Middle-East and South-Eastern countries. Saudi Arabia, UAE, Malaysia, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, Bahrain, Libya, Singapore are major destinations for Bangladeshi worker. Today, Bangladesh is considered as a good source of manpower. Information on the short term labor migrants who officially go overseas for employment is available with the Bureau of Manpower Employment and Training (BMET). The following table captures the flow of migration over different periods:
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